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Ports - 0-065535
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|Port Number|Service / Protocol|
|---|---|
|21|FTP|
|22|SSH|
|23|Telnet|
|25|SMTP|
|53|DNS|
|80|HTTP|
|443|HTTPS|
|3306|MySQL|
|3389|RDP|
|5432|PostgreSQL| -
Vulnerability
OWASP TOP 10: A list ranking the most critical security vulnerabilities in web applications.
CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures): A public directory that identifies known security vulnerabilities and exposures.
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System): A scoring system used to measure the severity of security vulnerabilities.
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Exploit
An exploit is the code or technique that enables the malicious use of a vulnerability. This allows attackers to gain unauthorized access or control over systems.
PoC (Proof of Concept): Demo content demonstrating the exploitability of a vulnerability.
Zero Day: Security vulnerabilities that are not yet patched and are generally unknown to the public.
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Shell
A shell is a computer program that provides users with an interface to use the services of an operating system.
Gaining a shell on a system allows an attacker to execute commands on the target system through an interface.
Bind Shell: A type of shell where the attacker opens a port on the target machine and connects to it to execute commands.
Reverse Shell: A type of shell where the target machine connects back to the attacker’s machine, allowing the execution of commands.
Web Shell: A type of shell that includes a malicious script running on a web server, giving the attacker remote command execution capabilities.
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IP (Internet Protocol) Address
An IP address is a unique number that identifies devices on the internet and facilitates communication between them.
IPv4: Uses a 32-bit addressing system and provides approximately 4.3 billion unique addresses.
IPv6: Developed due to the insufficient addressing capacity of IPv4, it uses a 128-bit addressing system.